Re: Maple

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: The following is from the link below, that has these sorts of properties for a number of woods: : http://www2.fpl.fs.fed.us/TechSheets/HardwoodNA/htmlDocs/acersp1.html : This description is consistent with my experience with hard maple. : * Turns and hand planes very well. : * Diffuse porous : * Can chip-out with power planing, especially on highly figured patterns. : * Bends moderately well. : * Rives easily : * Has high movement with changes in humidity. : * Very dense -- hard to work and stain. I use gel stains or dyes and avoid pigment stains. : * Can "burn" with saw blades. : * Need to predrill for nails and screws. : * Soft maple can have worm holes and staining. These are sometimes desirable and not always considered defects (WHAD or WHND = worm holes are/not defects) : -------------------- Pasted Text ------------- : Hard maple has a fine, uniform texture, turns well on a lathe, is resistant to abrasion and has no characteristic odor or taste. It is heavy, strong, stiff, hard, and resistant to shock, and it has large shrinkage. Sugar maple is generally straight grained but the grain also occurs as "birds-eye," "curly," and "fiddleback" grain. : The wood of soft maples resembles that of hard maples but is not as heavy, hard and strong, the better grade of soft maple has been substituted for hard maple in furniture. The sapwood in the soft maples is considerably wider than that in the hard maples and has a lighter heartwood color. : Maple lumber sometimes has olive or greenish black discolored areas known as mineral streak or mineral stain, which may be due to injury. Maple wood stains well and takes a high polish. It is intermediate in gluing and has low decay resistance. : : : Mechanical Properties (2-inch standard) : Compression : Specific : gravity : MOE : X106 lbf/in2 : MOR : lbf/in2 : Parallel : lbf/in2 : Perpendicular : lbf/in2 : WMLa : in-lbf/in3 : Hardness : lbf : Shear : lbf/in2 : : Acer macrophyllum (bigleaf maple) : Green 0.44 1.1 7,400 3,240 450 8.7 620 1,110 : Dry 0.48 1.45 10,700 5,950 750 7.8 850 1,730 : Acer nigrum (black maple) : Green 0.52 1.33 7,900 3,270 600 12.8 840 1,130 : Dry 0.57 1.62 1,330 6,680 1,020 12.5 1,180 1,820 : Acer pennsylvaticum (striped maple) : Green 0.44 — — — — — — — : Dry 0.46 — — — — — — — : Acer rubrum (red maple) : Green 0.49 1.39 7,700 3,280 400 11.4 700 1,150 : Dry 0.54 1.64 13,400 6,540 1,000 12.5 950 1,850 : Acer saccharinum (silver maple) : Green 0.44 0.94 5,800 2,490 370 11.0 590 1,050 : Dry 0.47 1.14 8,900 5,220 740 8.3 700 1,480 : Acer saccharum (silver maple) : Green 0.56 1.55 9,400 4,020 640 13.3 970 1,460 : Dry 0.63 1.83 15,800 7,830 1,470 16.5 1,450 2,330 : aWML = Work to maximum load. : bReference (98). : cReference (59). : : : : Drying and Shrinkage : Type of shrinkage Percentage of shrinkage : (green to final moisture content) : 0% MC 6% MC 20% MC : Acer macrophyllum (bigleaf maple) : Tangential 7.1 5.7 2.4 : Radial 3.7 3.0 1.2 : Volumetric 11.6 9.3 3.9 : Acer nigrum (black maple) : Tangential 9.3 7.4 3.1 : Radial 4.8 3.8 1.6 : Volumetric 14.0 11.2 4.7 : Acer pennsylvaticum (striped maple) : Tangential 8.6 — — : Radial 43.2 — — : Volumetric 12.3 — — : Acer rubrum (red maple) : Tangential 8.2 6.6 2.7 : Radial 4.0 3.2 1.3 : Volumetric 12.6 10.5 4.4 : Acer saccharinum (silver maple) : Tangential 7.2 5.8 2.4 : Radial 3.0 2.4 1.0 : Volumetric 12.0 9.6 4.0 : Acer saccharum (silver maple) : Tangential 9.9 7.6 3.2 : Radial 4.8 3.9 1.6 : Volumetric 14.7 11.9 5.0 : aBirch shrinks considerably during drying. References: 0% MC (98), : 6% and 20% MC (90). : : Kiln Drying Schedulesa : Condition 4/4,5/4,6/4 stock 8/4 stock 10/4 stock 12/4 stock 16/4 stock : Soft maplesb NA : Hard maplesc : : : Working Properties: The wood turns well, is harder to work than softer woods, and has high nail-holding ability. It stains and polishes well, but is intermediate in gluing. : Durability: Rated as slightly or nonresistant to heartwood decay. : Preservation: Moderately resistant to penetration with preservatives. : Uses: : Lumber, distillation, veneer, crossties, paper pulp, flooring, furniture, pallets, boxes and crates, shoe lasts, handles, woodenware, novelties, spools and bobbins, bowling alleys, dance floors, piano frames, bowling pins, cutting blocks, pulpwood and turnery.

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